quality Wastewater Pretreatment Equipment & Anaerobic Water Treatment Equipment factory

Soft water equipment is not universal, targeted selection will get twice the result with half the effort, a complete solution is given to you Application scope of softened water equipment: ①Heating ②Cooling water ③Process water ④Steam boiler ⑤Steel smelting ⑥Chemical and pharmaceutical System water time required by the industry。 System water time is: one-hour water consumption, average, and peak. The equipment can be selected according to the water supply time. If continuous water supply is not required, a single valve single tank device can be selected; if continuous water supply is required, a double bed centralized control or double control double bed series softened water treatment equipment should be selected. Hardness of water source The water quality of the same model of water softener is relatively hard, the production cycle must be relatively reduced, and the water production rate is low, resulting in frequent regeneration of softened water equipment and reducing the service life of the resin. In this case, a larger model of water softener should be selected to increase the resin volume. Selection of softened water equipment ①Controller: divided into automatic control and manual control. ②Resin tank: The storage tank materials of softened water equipment are divided into fiberglass, carbon steel, and stainless steel. ③ Equipment control mode: One is to prepare water volume to reach the set value, which is called flow type; it is applicable to all water supply equipment and softening water treatment equipment. The second is to control the regeneration metering by time, which is called time type; it is applicable to water supply equipment with stable water volume, and the shortest recovery cycle is 24 hours. ④ Equipment combination: Single control single bed: stop water supply for 2 hours during recovery or continue water supply (hard water bypass). Single control double bed: alternating water supply, one use and one standby type. Double control double bed: alternating water supply, one use and one standby type. Double control double bed: simultaneous water supply, alternating regeneration. Multi-control bed: more than three softening water resin tanks are used in parallel, which is suitable for large water supply equipment. It can be widely used in water softening of steam boilers, hot water boilers, switches, evaporative condensers, air conditioners, direct-fired engines and other systems. It can also be used for the treatment of domestic water in hotels, hotels, office buildings, apartments, homes, etc., as well as softening water treatment in the fields of food, beverages, wine making, laundry, printing and dyeing, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Technical indicators 1. Inlet water pressure: 0.2~0.5Mpa 2. Source water hardness: mmol/L (source water hardness>8mmol/L should be specially designed according to the water quality in different regions) 3. Outlet water hardness: 0.03mmol/L (in line with my country's low-pressure boiler water quality standard) GB1576-2001 requirements); Source water salinity 1500mg/L, turbidity 5 iron ion.3mg/L 5. Power supply: ~220V, 50HZ 6. Salt consumption

For different types of water treatment equipment, the common points when selecting them mainly include the following aspects: 1. Treatment requirements: First, it is necessary to clarify the goals and requirements of water treatment, such as removing suspended matter, organic matter, heavy metals, etc. in water. This will determine which type of water treatment equipment to choose and the treatment capacity of the equipment. 2. Water quality parameters: When selecting, it is necessary to consider the water quality parameters of the raw water, such as turbidity, pH value, temperature, conductivity, etc. These parameters will affect the treatment effect and selection of the equipment. 3. Processed water volume: The amount of treated water is an important basis for selecting water treatment equipment. The treatment scale of the equipment needs to be determined according to actual needs to ensure that the equipment can meet the needs of production or life. 4. Equipment performance: The performance parameters and technical indicators of the equipment are the key factors to be considered when selecting. It is necessary to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the equipment such as treatment capacity, efficiency, energy consumption, floor space, operation and maintenance costs, etc., in order to select suitable equipment. 5. Safety and reliability: Water treatment equipment involves water safety and sanitation issues, so it is necessary to pay attention to the safety and reliability of the equipment when selecting. It is necessary to select equipment that meets relevant standards and specifications, and ensure that the equipment can operate stably during production or use. 6. Equipment material: Select appropriate equipment material according to the use environment and medium characteristics. Factors such as the corrosion resistance and service life of the material need to be considered to ensure that the equipment can operate stably for a long time in harsh environments. 7. After-sales service: When selecting water treatment equipment, it is necessary to consider the after-sales service capabilities of the equipment supplier. Including services such as equipment installation, commissioning, maintenance, and troubleshooting to ensure that the equipment can receive timely technical support and maintenance during use. In summary, for different types of water treatment equipment, the common points in their selection mainly include treatment requirements, water quality parameters, treated water volume, equipment performance, safety and reliability, equipment materials, and after-sales service. In the selection process, these factors need to be considered comprehensively and selected in combination with actual conditions. In addition, we have experienced water treatment engineers who will provide corresponding equipment selection based on your needs to ensure that your on-site treatment needs are met. If you have any questions about water treatment, you can also contact us at any time.

Every reverse osmosis system will be contaminated and need to be cleaned. Since there is usually more than one contaminant when contamination occurs, the typical cleaning process usually includes two steps: low pH cleaning and high pH cleaning. Different contaminants should be cleaned with different cleaning agents. Alkaline cleaning is mainly used to remove microorganisms or organic contaminants, and acid cleaning is mainly used to remove scaling. The cleaning agent should be selected according to the type of contaminant and membrane type to avoid damaging the membrane. The order of using cleaning agents should be determined according to the actual problem. The usual cleaning order is to perform acid cleaning first and then alkaline cleaning. In some cases, if the pollution is mainly organic matter or microorganisms, you can first perform alkaline cleaning, then acid cleaning, and finally perform an alkaline cleaning step. The important reason for using alkaline cleaning as the last step is that it can fully open the membrane pores after acid cleaning to restore the water production flow. If you do not use the conventional cleaning procedure of acid cleaning first and then alkaline cleaning, you need to consult a membrane expert to help you make the right choice.   During the reverse osmosis membrane separation process, after water molecules pass through, the salt content in the membrane interface increases, forming a higher concentrated water layer. This layer forms a large concentration gradient with the concentration of the feed water flow. This phenomenon is called concentration polarization of the membrane . Concentration polarization can have a harmful effect on operation. ( 1 ) Since the concentration in the interface layer is very high, the osmotic pressure will increase accordingly. After the osmotic pressure increases, the water production under the original operating conditions will inevitably decrease. In order to achieve the original water production, the water supply pressure must be increased, which increases the energy consumption of the product water. ( 2 ) As the salt concentration in the sub-interface layer increases, the ▲C on both sides of the membrane increases, which increases the permeability of product water and salt. ( 3 ) As the concentration in the interface layer increases, the tendency of scaling substances to precipitate increases, resulting in membrane fouling. In order to restore performance, the scale must be cleaned frequently, which may cause irreversible membrane performance degradation. ( 4 ) Although measures are taken to diffuse salt away from the membrane surface due to the concentration gradient formed, the diffusion rate of colloids is hundreds or thousands of times slower than that of salt. Therefore, concentration polarization is an important cause of colloid contamination on the membrane surface. The result of concentration polarization is that the osmotic pressure of the brine increases, so the pressure required for reverse osmosis also increases; in addition, it may cause some insoluble salts (such as CaSO4) to precipitate on the membrane surface. Therefore, during operation, the brine side must be kept in a turbulent state to reduce the degree of concentration polarization.

  Affect the coagulation effect (dosage of reagents) in water treatment are relatively complex, including water temperature, pH value and alkalinity, the nature and concentration of impurities in water, external water conditions, etc. The following only briefly describes a few major factors. 1、Effect of water temperature Water temperature has a significant impact on drug consumption, especially in winter when the water temperature is low. Usually, flocs form slowly, and the particles are small and loose. The main reasons are: 1. The hydrolysis of inorganic salt coagulants is an endothermic reaction, and it is difficult to hydrolyze coagulants in low-temperature water; 2. The viscosity of low-temperature water is high, which weakens the Brownian motion intensity of impurity particles in the water and reduces the chance of collision, which is not conducive to the destabilization and coagulation of colloids, and also affects the growth of flocs. 3. When the water temperature is low, the hydration of the colloidal particles is enhanced, which hinders the aggregation of the colloids and also affects the adhesion strength between the colloidal particles. 4. The water temperature is related to the pH value of the water. When the water temperature is low, the pH value of the water increases, and the corresponding optimal pH value for coagulation will also increase. Therefore, in winter in cold areas, it is difficult to obtain a good coagulation effect even if a large amount of coagulant is added. 2. Effect of pH and alkalinity The pH value of raw water directly affects the hydrolysis reaction of coagulant, that is, the coagulation effect can only be guaranteed when the pH value of raw water is within a certain range. When coagulant is added to water, the H+ concentration in the water increases due to the hydrolysis of the coagulant, which causes the pH value of the water to decrease, hindering the hydrolysis process. To keep the pH value within the optimal range, there should be enough alkaline substances in the water to neutralize H+. Natural water contains a certain alkalinity (usually HCO3-), which can neutralize the H+ produced by the hydrolysis process of the coagulant and has a buffering effect on the pH value. When the alkalinity of the raw water is insufficient or the coagulant is added in excess, the pH value of the water will drop significantly, destroying the coagulation effect. 3. The influence of the nature and concentration of impurities in water The size and charge of SS particles in water will affect the coagulation effect. Generally speaking, the coagulation effect is poor when the particle size is small and uniform, and the particle concentration in water is low and the probability of particle collision is small, which is not conducive to coagulation; when the turbidity is very large, the required drug consumption will be greatly increased in order to destabilize the colloid in the water. When there is a large amount of organic matter in the water, it can be adsorbed by clay particles, thereby changing the surface properties of the original colloid particles and making the colloid particles more stable, which will seriously affect the coagulation effect. At this time, oxidants must be added to the water to destroy the effects of organic matter and improve the coagulation effect. Soluble salts in water can also affect the coagulation effect. For example, when there are a lot of calcium and magnesium ions in natural water, it is conducive to coagulation, while a lot of Cl- is not conducive to coagulation. During the flood season, due to the erosion of rainwater, high turbidity water containing a lot of humus enters the plant. The general method of increasing the amount of pre-chlorination and coagulant addition is based on this. 4. Influence of external water conditions The basic conditions for the aggregation of colloidal particles are, first, destabilization of the colloidal particles and, second, collision of the destabilized colloidal particles with each other. The main function of the coagulant is to destabilize the colloidal particles, while the external hydraulic agitation ensures that the colloidal particles can fully contact with the coagulant, so that the colloidal particles collide with each other to form flocs. In order to ensure full contact between the colloidal particles and the coagulant, the coagulant must be quickly and evenly dispersed to all parts of the water body after being added to the water. This is commonly known as rapid mixing and is required to be within 10 to 30 seconds and no more than 2 minutes. 5、Impact of water shock load Water volume shock refers to the periodic or non-periodic, sudden and large changes in raw water volume shock. For water plants, the city's water consumption and upstream water volume adjustments affect the water volume entering the plant, especially during the peak water supply period in summer. The water volume entering the plant changes greatly, resulting in frequent adjustments to the dosage of the reagents, and the water effect after settling is not very ideal. It is worth noting that this change is not a linear increase. You should pay attention to the alum bloom in the reaction tank to avoid excessive dosage that will destroy the coagulation effect. In addition to the above-mentioned influencing factors, there are also some measures to save medicine, such as increasing the number of stirring times of the medicine liquid pool, reducing the precipitation of solid particles in the medicine, and stabilizing the medicine properties, which can also achieve the purpose of saving medicine consumption.

Fan selection and troubleshooting   The air volume adjustment range of Roots blower is 30%-110%, the air volume adjustment range of gear-speed single-stage high-speed centrifugal blower is 55%-100%, the adjustment range of magnetic suspension and air suspension blower can reach 45%-100%, and the adjustment range of multi-stage centrifugal blower is 60%-100%. In terms of efficiency, single-stage high-speed centrifugal blower (75%-80%) > multi-stage centrifugal blower (70%-80%) > Roots blower (

The electroplating industry discharges huge amounts of pollutants, which are highly toxic and difficult to treat, and can easily cause great environmental damage. Electroplating wastewater contains a large amount of heavy metals, which tend to accumulate in living organisms and are not biodegradable. Many heavy metal elements are toxic or carcinogenic and must be effectively treated before they can be discharged. The production water for a certain electroplating wastewater treatment project that Shanqing Environment is responsible for includes water for electroplating, anodizing (including sulfuric acid anodizing, hard anodizing, and chromic acid anodizing), oxidation, chromate process, acid mist absorption treatment, and cleaning. The project water consumption is approximately 65m3 / d (4.06m3 /h), 19,500m3 / a.   According to the company, the discharge volume of chromium-containing wastewater (including acid mist absorption treatment wastewater) generated on the production line of this project is 200t/d, the discharge volume of heavy metal-containing wastewater (containing nickel and copper wastewater) is 160t/d, the discharge volume of acid-base wastewater is 150t/d, and the discharge volume of oil-containing wastewater is 100t/d.   After treatment by the sewage treatment facilities, 347t/d of chromium-containing wastewater (including acid mist absorption treatment wastewater) and heavy metal-containing wastewater (nickel and copper-containing wastewater) were reused, of which 3t/d was lost due to evaporation and crystallization during the treatment process. 185t/d of acid-base wastewater and oil-containing wastewater were reused and 65t/d were discharged.   Table 1.1 Water balance summary     / Chromium-containing wastewater (including acid Mist absorption wastewater treatment) Wastewater containing heavy metals (Wastewater containing nickel and copper) Acid and alkaline wastewater Oily wastewater Domestic sewage Catering wastewater Water consumption m3 / d 1.6 1.4 20 45 8 5 Production volume m 3 /d 200 160 150 100 6.4 4 Recycling amount m 3 /d 198.4 158.6 130 55 / / Loss m 3 /d 1.6 1.4 / / / / Emissions m3 / d 0 0 20 45 6.4 4   Chapter 1 Design Conditions   2.1. Design scale Wastewater name Processing capacity (tons/day) Chromium-containing wastewater 200 Heavy metal wastewater 160 Acid and alkaline wastewater 150 Oily wastewater 100 Domestic sewage 6.4 Catering wastewater 4     2.2. Emission standards   The treated electroplating wastewater is discharged into the factory sewage network after being monitored and qualified at the workshop discharge port. The water quality of the discharged water should meet the standards in Table 2 of the "Electroplating Pollutant Emission Standard" GB21900-2008, as shown in Table 1-2.   serial number Pollutants Standard limit Pollutant emission monitoring location 1 Total chromium (mg/l) 1.0 Wastewater discharge outlet of workshop or production facility 2 Hexavalent chromium (mg/l) 0.2 Wastewater discharge outlet of workshop or production facility 3 Total Nickel (mg/l) 0.5 Wastewater discharge outlet of workshop or production facility 4 Total Silver (mg/l) 0.3 Wastewater discharge outlet of workshop or production facility 5 Total copper (mg/l) 0.5 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 6 Total zinc (mg/l) 1.5 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 7 pH 6-9 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 8 Suspended matter (mg/L) 50 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 9 Chemical oxygen demand (CODcr, mg/L) 80 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 10 Total cyanide (mg/L) 0.3 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 11 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 15 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 12 Total phosphorus (mg/l) 1.0 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater 13 Fluoride (mg/l) 10 Total discharge outlet of enterprise wastewater   Chapter 2 Process Design   3.1. Wastewater classification and water volume   Discharged wastewater is collected and treated according to its quality. There are five types of wastewater, including chromium-containing wastewater, heavy metal-containing wastewater, acid-base wastewater, oil-containing wastewater , and domestic and catering wastewater . Specifically:     Wastewater name Classification Number Processing capacity (tons/day) Design processing scale (tons/ hour ) Chromium-containing wastewater W1 200 10 Heavy metal wastewater W2 160 8 Acid and alkaline wastewater W3 150 7.5 Oily wastewater W4 100 5 Domestic sewage + catering wastewater W 5 10.6 1   3.2. Treatment process determination   According to the classification of discharged wastewater, the wastewater treatment system of the comprehensive wastewater treatment station is determined to be composed of the following subsystems, and classified treatment of wastewater is implemented.   a. Chromium-containing wastewater pretreatment system to treat W1 wastewater.   b. Heavy metal wastewater pretreatment system to treat W2 wastewater.   c. Acid and alkaline wastewater pretreatment system to treat W3 wastewater.   d. Oily wastewater pretreatment system, to treat W4 wastewater.   e. Domestic sewage pretreatment system, to treat W 5 wastewater.   f. High-quality reused water and zero-discharge treatment system, which can reuse and treat the pre-treated wastewater of W1, W2, W3, W4 and W5 with high quality and zero-discharge.     3.3. Process flow chart   3.4. Treatment process description   3.4.1. Chromium-containing wastewater treatment system   The chromium-containing wastewater treatment system treats wastewater discharged from the production line. The specific treatment methods are:   a.Pre-treat W1, collect wastewater into regulating tank , pump it to integrated pre-treatment equipment, adjust pH value, acidic conditions, add FeSO 4 /NaHSO 3 for reduction reaction; adjust pH value, add limestone and sodium hydroxide for alkaline precipitation reaction.   b.Add heavy metal remover for enhanced sedimentation treatment; add composite flocculant for flocculation treatment; carry out solid-liquid separation treatment through inclined plate sedimentation tank; solid-liquid separation treatment water enters intermediate water tank for subsequent treatment.   c.The inclined plate sedimentation tank separates the sludge into the sludge thickening tank, and the filter press is used to dewater the sludge, and the dehydrated sludge is transported out as hazardous waste.   3.4.2. Heavy metal wastewater treatment system   The heavy metal wastewater treatment system treats the wastewater discharged from the production line. The specific treatment methods are:   a.W2 is treated. Wastewater is collected in a regulating tank and pumped to an integrated pretreatment device to adjust the pH value for alkaline precipitation treatment;   b.Add heavy metal remover for enhanced removal treatment; add composite flocculant for flocculation treatment; carry out solid-liquid separation treatment through inclined plate sedimentation tank; the solid-liquid separation treatment water enters the intermediate water tank for subsequent treatment.   c.The inclined plate sedimentation tank separates the sludge into the sludge thickening tank, and the filter press is used to dewater the sludge, and the dewatered sludge is transported out for hazardous waste treatment.   3.4.3. Acid and alkali wastewater treatment system   The acid and alkali wastewater treatment system treats the wastewater discharged from the production line. The specific treatment methods are:   a.W3 is treated. Wastewater is collected in a regulating tank and pumped to an integrated pretreatment device to adjust the pH value for alkaline precipitation treatment;   b.Add heavy metal remover for enhanced removal treatment; add composite flocculant for flocculation treatment; carry out solid-liquid separation treatment through inclined plate sedimentation tank; the solid-liquid separation treatment water enters the intermediate water tank for subsequent treatment.   c.The inclined plate sedimentation tank separates the sludge into the sludge thickening tank, and the filter press is used to dewater the sludge, and the dewatered sludge is transported out for hazardous waste treatment.   3.4.4. Oily wastewater treatment system   a.The oily wastewater treatment system treats the wastewater discharged from the production line. The specific treatment methods are: W4 is treated. Wastewater is collected in a regulating tank and pumped to an integrated pretreatment device to adjust the pH value; demulsifier is added to the flotation system for oil removal.   b.Add composite flocculant for flocculation treatment; carry out solid-liquid separation treatment through inclined plate sedimentation tank; solid-liquid separation treated water enters the intermediate water tank for subsequent treatment.   c.The inclined plate sedimentation tank separates the sludge into the sludge thickening tank, and the filter press is used to dewater the sludge, and the dewatered sludge is transported out for hazardous waste treatment.   3.4.5. High-quality recycled water treatment system   After pretreatment, the wastewaters of W1, W2, W3, W4 and W5 enter the intermediate water pool for water quality and water volume adjustment. After four physical filtrations of quartz sand, activated carbon, self-cleaning filter and ultrafiltration, suspended solids, colloids, viruses, etc. in the wastewater are removed, and the SDI of the effluent water quality is less than 5, which meets the reverse osmosis inlet water quality requirements. After two-stage filtration of reverse osmosis and concentrated water reverse osmosis, the inorganic salts in the water are removed, the produced water is directly reused, a small amount of concentrated water enters the triple-effect evaporation for evaporation and concentration, the distillate is reused, and a small amount of solid wastewater is transported for treatment.   There are many types of electroplating wastewater treatment technologies, but because of various problems in the management level and production process of the electroplating industry, the quality of wastewater treatment is also very different. It is difficult to meet the wastewater treatment standards by relying on only one wastewater treatment method. According to the results of sewage monitoring, it is necessary to combine multiple treatment technologies to treat sewage in order to achieve the most significant treatment effect. If you have relevant project requirements, please leave a message or send me a private message at any time.

A domestic rice wine production enterprise has a wastewater volume of 3500m3/d, and the wastewater discharge complies with the management standards. Based on the information provided by the owner and our company's relevant treatment experience in similar industries, Shanqing Environment has conducted a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the sewage quality and quantity, and based on the principle of "separation of clear and turbid water, and compliance with effluent standards", provided supporting water treatment solutions for the wastewater treatment station. While ensuring the treatment effect, the investment and operating costs are reduced as much as possible.   1. Design principles   ▲ Design processing capacity: 3500m3/d   ▲ Processing standards   The effluent quality of this project must meet the piped standard - "Water Quality Standards for Sewage Discharge into Urban Sewers", some indicators are shown in Table 2.        ▲ Design principles   Based on the information provided by the owner and our company's relevant treatment experience in similar industries, and after a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the sewage quality and quantity, we provide supporting water treatment solutions for the wastewater treatment station in accordance with the principle of "separating clear and turbid water and ensuring that the effluent meets the standards".   1. Comprehensive wastewater treatment system 3500m3/d, daily recycled water 600m³, discharge 2900m³/d;   2. Use anaerobic process to produce biogas and use the biogas as a by-product of steam;   3. Choose economical, reasonable and mature processing technology;   4. The entire system adopts PLC control to realize automatic operation and management, reducing labor intensity;   5. Under the premise of ensuring the treatment effect, reduce the investment and operation costs as much as possible.   2. Process flow and process description   Figure 1 Wastewater treatment flow chart   1. Description of wastewater treatment process   01Regulating pool   The purpose is to prevent large fluctuations in water quality, water quantity and pH value, so that the structures and pipes in the treatment system are not impacted by peak wastewater flow or concentration changes, and to maintain the stable operation of the subsequent treatment system. An aeration system is installed in the pool for aeration and mixing to even out the water quality.   02Sedimentation Tank   The sedimentation tank adopts radial flow sedimentation method. Wastewater enters the tank body from the water inlet pipe in the center of the tank and flows slowly toward the periphery of the tank in the radial direction.   The suspended solids settle during the flow and enter the sludge hopper along the slope of the pool bottom, and the clarified water overflows from the pool perimeter to the canal.   A centrally driven scraper is used to collect sludge in the pool. The scraper blade scrapes the sludge that sinks to the bottom of the pool to the sludge hopper in the center of the pool, and then pumps it into the sludge thickening tank.   Radial flow sedimentation tank has the following advantages:   a. Mechanical mud discharge is adopted, the equipment is simpler and the mud discharge is smoother;   b. The method of central water inlet and peripheral water outlet causes less agitation in the water body and is more conducive to the removal of suspended solids;   03High -efficiency anaerobic reactor   The high-efficiency anaerobic reactor is a new generation of high-efficiency anaerobic reactor. Wastewater flows from bottom to top in the reactor, pollutants are adsorbed and degraded by bacteria, and purified water flows out from the top of the reactor.   04Hydrolysis Acidification Tank   The hydrolysis acidification tank is a process in which various complex organic matter in wastewater can be decomposed and converted into small molecular organic matter and other substances.   Heterotrophic bacteria in the hydrolysis acidification tank hydrolyzes suspended pollutants such as starch, fiber, carbohydrates and soluble organic matter in the sewage into organic acids, decomposes large molecular organic matter into small molecular organic matter, and converts insoluble organic matter into soluble organic matter. When these products of anoxic hydrolysis enter the aerobic tank for aerobic treatment, the biodegradability efficiency of the sewage can be improved.   05Activated sludge tank   After the wastewater passes through the hydrolysis acidification tank, it is evenly mixed and aerated in the activated sludge. The microorganisms in the water use dissolved oxygen to decompose most of the organic matter into CO2 and H2O through metabolism, effectively reducing the COD effluent value.   06 MBR Reactor   Membrane bioreactor can maximize the function of biological reaction through membrane separation technology. MBR has many technical features, compared with traditional treatment technology, including:   1. The processing system occupies a small area.   2. The system has a simple structure, convenient operation and management, and easy maintenance.   3. The structure is simple and maintenance is very simple. Daily management only requires checking the filter pressure and cleaning the aeration pipe. Cleaning the aeration pipe can also be done by simply opening and closing the valve, which is very simple.   4. High durability and long service life.   2. Wastewater discharge and reuse standards   01Wastewater Discharge Standards     02Water Reuse Standards     Shanqing Environment uses the above process to make the treated wastewater meet the discharge standards and be reused. The above case is for reference only. If you have other wastewater treatment related needs, please feel free to contact us for consultation. Shanqing Environment can provide you with more mature, reliable, efficient, energy-saving, low investment, low operating cost, and low secondary pollution water treatment processes and equipment.

1. Water quality types and characteristics   In this project comes from pen washing, leaching, slaughtering and factory floor washing, scalding, dissection, side dish processing, animal residues, blood water, etc. It has the characteristics of large water volume, uneven drainage, high concentration, many impurities and suspended solids, and good biodegradability. At the same time, the biggest difference compared with other high-concentration wastewater is that its NH3-N concentration is higher (about 120mg/L).   1.1 Design water volume   Designed water volume: 150m³/d, i.e. 7.5m³/h (daily operation time is 20 hours)   1.2 Influent water quality   According to the pollutant water quality index data provided by the owner , the designed influent water quality index of this project is shown in the following table : Table 1 Design influent water quality index table   Monitoring Metrics C OD NH3-N Water Intake Restriction ≤ 3000 ≤ 75   1.3 Outlet water quality Table 2 Designed effluent water quality index table Monitoring Metrics C OD NH3-N Emission Limits ≤ 250 ≤ 25   2. Process design plan   2.1 Process   ( Process flow chart )   2.2 Process Overview   Basket grille: filter out large particles in the water, such as garbage, leaves, minced meat, etc.   Pre-sedimentation regulating tank: regulate water quality and quantity.   Solid-liquid separator: separates hair, feces, etc. from wastewater.   Grease trap: removes floating oil from water.   Intermediate water pool: water storage function.   Coagulation flotation tank: by adding PAC and PAM, the tiny particles and colloids in the water are condensed into larger suspended matter under the action of the agent, and are carried to the water surface by the floating tiny dissolved air bubbles, and then scraped to the sludge tank by the scraping system to achieve solid-liquid separation . Remove suspended matter, colloids, and some organic matter in the water .   Hydrolysis acidification tank: Degrade some organic matter through hydrolysis and acidification reactions of microorganisms to improve the biodegradability of organic matter.   Two-stage A/O /precipitation system: Microorganisms degrade and remove organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater under alternating anoxic and aerobic environments .   Sludge treatment system : mainly composed of sludge tank and sludge dewatering system . The scum and residual sludge produced by the flotation tank, hydrolysis acidification tank and two-stage A/O /sedimentation system are discharged into the sludge tank. After further gravity concentration in the sludge tank , the sludge is pressurized by the sludge feed pump and pumped into the sludge dewatering machine to reduce the moisture content of the sludge and make the moisture content of the mud cake less than 75 %. The dehydrated sludge is outsourced for treatment .   2.3 Operation Effect and Analysis   The project started to be debugged in early 2013. After three months of system debugging, all process sections have been put into normal operation at full capacity. The monitoring and acceptance department has continuously monitored the wastewater treatment project and the water quality monitoring results are averaged. The results are shown in Table 3 .   Table 3 Inlet and outlet water quality test results project pH COD/(mg.L -1 ) BOD 5 /(mg.L -1 ) SS/(mg.L -1 ) Animal and vegetable oil/(mg.L -1 ) Water Intake 7.3 2580 808 860 125 Water 7.1 50 12 15 /   It can be seen from Table 3 that all indicators of effluent are better than the first-level emission standard of "Emission Standard of Water Pollutants for Meat Processing Industry" (GB13457-1992).   3. Engineering technology and economic analysis   3.1 Technical Analysis   This process uses a combination of secondary anoxic + high-efficiency aerobic bacteria to achieve efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal. This process can eliminate traditional anaerobic reaction units (UASB, IC) and other anaerobic reaction towers, which can reduce investment costs and land area while ensuring stable operation in the later stage.   This process has the advantages of impact resistance, high load, stable water quality and quantity, etc. Secondary anoxic treatment can not only effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus, but also has the functions of deodorization and decolorization. This process is formed by combining traditional sewage treatment units, and has the characteristics of simplicity, stability, low technical difficulty, and easy replacement of accessories.   This process has the potential for upgrading and transformation, and the effluent water quality is high, which is convenient for effluent reuse. If multi-stage filter tanks and ultrafiltration, disinfection and other equipment are added to the end effluent, the produced water can be reused in the production line.   3.2 Operation Cost Analysis   The total investment of this project is 1.6 million yuan, of which equipment investment is 1.3 million yuan, civil engineering facilities and other investment is 300,000 yuan. It covers an area of 300m2 and can treat 150m3 of sewage per day . The specific project operation costs are: electricity fee is 0.65 yuan/m3 , chemical fee is 0.36 yuan/m3 , labor fee is 0.18 yuan/m3 , and the actual operation cost is 1.19 yuan/ m3 .   4. Conclusion   (1) Based on the high organic matter load of slaughter wastewater, flotation can be used as the pre-treatment to remove most of the grease, suspended matter, etc. The subsequent hydrolysis and acidification treatment technology can hydrolyze and acidify the large molecular organic matter in the water into small molecules, and degrade most of the insoluble organic matter into soluble substances, thereby reducing the subsequent biochemical treatment load.   (2) Highly active aerobic bacteria are added to the contact oxidation tank and highly active return sludge produced by the ordered aerobic reaction tank to adsorb most of the biodegradable organic pollutants in the sewage and effectively remove COD and BOD5 in the water.   (3) The flotation-hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation process has been put into actual operation in multiple projects for treating slaughterhouse wastewater. The entire treatment system operates stably and has created good economic, social and environmental benefits.  

With the continuous changes in electronic information technology, the semiconductor technology industry has increasingly become the "heart" of development and is increasingly widely used in national economic production and life. However, the semiconductor industry is a high water-consuming industry. The more advanced the process manufacturing, the higher the requirements for its surface cleanliness, and the greater the water consumption and wastewater discharge.   For example, a semiconductor company in Beijing and a semiconductor company in Taiwan consume 1346x104㎡3 and 7000x104㎡ of water respectively, while the per capita water resources in China are 2300m2 , which is equivalent to the total domestic water consumption of a town with a population of 250,000 and 1.3 million respectively.   If the wastewater generated in semiconductor manufacturing is recycled, it will not only reduce the demand for water resources and production costs, but also reduce the emission of pollutants and the load on the environment. Shanqing Environment shared the treatment process of semiconductor wastewater containing fluorine, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, heavy metal ions and acid and alkali , as well as the advantages of different processes in removing pollutants from semiconductor wastewater .   Characteristics and classification of semiconductor wastewater   1.1 Wastewater characteristics Highly turbid and complex composition, consisting of pollutants such as fluorinated compounds, organic matter, nitrogen compounds, and heavy metal ions, and contains high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) And large amounts of ( silicates ) and ( aluminates ) . (2) The strong color, high COD, high volatile organic compound content, and rich in heavy metal ions , toxic organic matter, and corrosive substances such as hydrofluoric acid make the biological degradation performance of wastewater low, and it is not suitable for treatment using traditional activated sludge method.   (3) Fluoride ions ( F - ) and fulvic acid substances can react with heavy metal ions to form stable complexes, and heavy metal ions are easy to interact with organic matter, silicate and other substances, so the pollutants in wastewater are complex and diverse.   Therefore, it is crucial to select the process and divert the treatment according to the wastewater quality type.   1.2 Wastewater classification and treatment   1.2.1 Treatment of fluoride-containing wastewater   Semiconductor fluoride-containing wastewater mainly comes from the diffusion and CMP processes in the chip manufacturing process . The current industrial applications of fluoride-containing wastewater removal methods mainly include chemical precipitation, adsorption, membrane separation , etc.     Figure 1 Fluoride-containing wastewater treatment process and its advantages and disadvantages   a.Chemical precipitation is suitable for the treatment of high-concentration fluoride-containing wastewater. Compared with other precipitants , calcium salts are relatively cheap and - The reaction generates insoluble CaF₂ . Therefore, the calcium salt precipitation method is most widely used in fluoride-containing wastewater in the semiconductor industry .   b.There are two adsorption methods: direct adsorption and electrosorption. Electrosorption, also known as capacitive deionization technology, is a method that uses charged electrodes to adsorb ions and charged particles in wastewater, so that pollutants are enriched and concentrated on the electrode surface to achieve the purpose of water purification . Traditional adsorbents in direct adsorption, such as activated carbon and clay, have problems such as low adsorption capacity, poor selectivity, secondary pollution to the environment, and poor effluent quality .   c.Membrane separation methods mainly include electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. Electrodialysis is to use the electrodes to apply a current on both sides of the selective permeable membrane to generate a potential difference, which promotes the selective permeation of anions and cations through the membrane. Reverse osmosis is to use the pressure difference on both sides of the membrane to filter water molecules and F -Method of separation.   1.2.2 Treatment of nitrogen-containing wastewater   Nitrogen-containing wastewater mainly comes from ammonia water and ammonium fluoride used in the etching process, and mainly exists in the form of ammonia nitrogen. At present, the main treatment methods for ammonia nitrogen wastewater include air stripping , adsorption, neutralization, breakpoint chlorination, biological method, etc.     picture 2 Ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment process and its advantages and disadvantages   a.There are two types of stripping methods: air stripping and steam stripping. Compared with air stripping, steam stripping has a higher ammonia nitrogen removal rate, which can reach more than 90%, and is suitable for wastewater with higher concentrations .   b.The adsorption method is generally only applicable to low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater. In high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater, it is often coordinated with other processes to carry out deep denitrification treatment .     c.The breakpoint chlorination denitrification process can be used for a single denitrification process or for the deep treatment of a denitrification process.   1.2.3 Treatment of phosphorus-containing wastewater   mainly comes from aluminum etching liquid in the production process. It exists in the form of PO₄³ - . The treatment methods for phosphorus-containing wastewater include chemical precipitation, biological method, adsorption method, crystallization method and ion exchange method.     picture 3 Phosphorus-containing wastewater treatment process and its advantages and disadvantages   ( 1) Traditional adsorbents have problems such as high replacement cost and low adsorption capacity. Recently, many scholars have prepared high-performance adsorbents by chemically modifying low-cost industrial waste .   ( 2) Compared with chemical precipitation, the precipitate produced by crystallization precipitation has a higher secondary utilization value and can be used as plant fertilizer. At the same time , it can also show good removal performance for phosphorus.     1.2.4 Treatment of organic wastewater   And CMP process in production , and mainly contains solvents such as isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, acetone, xylene, etc., with high COD and low biodegradability. At present, the main treatment methods for organic wastewater include biological methods and advanced oxidation methods.   （1）bioreactors and chemical and biological combined methods are often used to treat wastewater. ( 2) The advanced oxidation treatment (AOP) process is considered to be the best method for treating organic wastewater due to its fast oxidation rate and high mineralization efficiency.     Figure 4 Organic wastewater treatment process and its advantages and disadvantages   1.2.5 Treatment of heavy metal wastewater   Heavy metal wastewater in semiconductors mainly comes from electrochemical plating ( ECP ) and CMP processes, mainly copper and cobalt, which mainly exist in the form of complexes formed by chelating agents. The main treatment methods for complexed heavy metal wastewater include adsorption, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, oxidation-reduction, etc.     Figure 5 Heavy metal wastewater treatment process and its advantages and disadvantages   ( 1) Chelate precipitation is a method of removing heavy metals by using heavy metal chelating agents (such as amino and dithiocarboxyl groups) to form insoluble salts with heavy metals.   ( 2) Advanced oxidation method uses strong oxidative free radicals to destroy the strong chemical bonds between heavy metal ions and certain functional groups in the ligand to release heavy metal ions. ( 3) Adsorption methods include co-removal of heavy metals and organic acids and heavy metal extraction. Organic acid co-removal technology is a process of removing pollutants from wastewater by adsorbing the entire complex onto an adsorbent .   1.2.6 Acid and alkali wastewater treatment   The semiconductor manufacturing process will discharge a large amount of acidic or alkaline substances , which will make the pH value of the wastewater too low or too high , which is easy to cause harm to the environment . At present, the treatment of this type of wastewater usually adopts three-stage neutralization technology to adjust the pH value. Value is 6.0-7.5 rear emission.   The semiconductor industry is a high water consumption industry, and wastewater recycling is one An effective way to solve the water crisis in the semiconductor industry , At present, due to cost and technical issues , wastewater with relatively good water quality can be recycled, while wastewater with relatively complex water quality can be recycled. one Generally discharged after treatment .

1. Design basic data 1.1 Design processing scale   Design the scale of comprehensive wastewater treatment: The project needs to treat 281772.6t/a (939t/d) of wastewater, the project design treatment capacity is 1000t/d, the civil engineering is expected to be designed according to the total design water volume, and the equipment is designed according to the total water volume; the land planning is 45*20 meters.   1.2 Sewage station inlet water quality   The sewage station provided by the owner needs to treat the following water quality:   According to the owner, the specific water quality of production wastewater is as follows: 1.3 Sewage station effluent quality   1.3.1 Recycled water quality   The quality of recycled water shall comply with the "Water Quality for Industrial Water Use in Urban Wastewater Recycling" (GB/T19923-2005) The recycled water effluent from the project's production wastewater after treatment meets the requirements of Table 1 of "Water Quality for Industrial Water Use in Urban Wastewater Recycling" (GB/T19923-2024) for cold open circulating cooling water make-up water. The recyclable water volume is 210,000 m3/a. The water demand of the project's cooling circulation system is 542,700 m3/a. Therefore, the recycled water generated after the treatment of the project's production wastewater can be fully reused without being discharged. Table 1 Recycled water is used as cooling water in the water quality standards for industrial water sources. The specific indicators are as follows: 、   1.3.2 Drainage quality   The concentrated water produced by the sewage treatment plant meets the sewage plant takeover standards and is taken over to the Jiangcheng sewage treatment plant.   The water quality of external drainage shall comply with the Class B standard in Table 1 of the Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996) and the Water Quality Standard for Sewage Discharge into Urban Sewers (GB/T31962-2015). The specific water discharge indicators are:   1.4 Wastewater discharge from the whole plant   2. Wastewater treatment process design   According to the characteristics of raw water, the requirements of the owner, the scale of land, and in line with the principles of economic applicability, energy conservation and emission reduction, a plan of resource treatment using advanced biochemical + membrane separation technology is proposed. After treatment, all the deep-treated product water is reused as production cooling circulating water supplement water and domestic miscellaneous water. The treatment process of this plan is designed as "air flotation + AO integration + MBR + ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis water production for cooling circulating water, and reverse osmosis concentrated water for external discharge" process.   2.1 Design processing efficiency of each process section     2.2 Wastewater treatment process flow chart     2.3 Description of core processes for wastewater treatment   2.3.1 Flotation tank   The function of flotation is to separate low-density substances such as grease in wastewater by density screening, so as to float out the lighter grease and grease, thereby achieving the separation of water and oil substances.   2.3.2AO integrated simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process   The core of the AO integrated (integrated nitroso simultaneous denitrification) process is to control the simultaneous progress of nitrification and denitrification reactions in one tank, so that the microbial flora of the two reactions can coexist in the system, thereby achieving efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and COD. At the same time, it can reduce the power consumption required for aeration, and by extending the residence time, reduce the amount of residual sludge, and save sludge treatment costs.   2.3.3MBR membrane system   The effluent from the AO integrated pool directly enters the MBR membrane pool. Through the efficient interception of the membrane, all bacteria and suspension are intercepted in the membrane pool. At the same time, it can effectively intercept nitrifying bacteria, so that the nitrification reaction proceeds smoothly and NH4-N is effectively removed. At the same time, it can intercept macromolecular organic matter that is difficult to degrade, prolong its residence time in the reactor, and maximize its degradation. The sludge at the end of the membrane pool is returned to the front section through the sludge return pump, and the excess residual sludge is discharged from the system, thereby controlling the concentration and activity of the activated sludge in the system.   2.3.4 Introduction to Ultrafiltration Technology     Ultrafiltration is a pressurized membrane separation technology, that is, under a certain pressure, small molecular solutes and solvents are allowed to pass through a special membrane with a certain pore size, while large molecular solutes cannot pass through and remain on one side of the membrane, thereby partially purifying the large molecular substances. When water passes through the ultrafiltration membrane, most of the colloids and particles contained in the water can be removed, and a large amount of suspended organic matter can also be removed.   2.3.5 Reverse Osmosis Technology     Reverse osmosis is also called reverse osmosis (RO). It uses a certain pressure to separate the solvent in the solution through a reverse osmosis membrane (or semi-permeable membrane). Because it is opposite to the direction of natural osmosis, it is called reverse osmosis. According to the different osmotic pressures of various materials, the reverse osmosis method with a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure can achieve the purpose of separation, extraction, purification and concentration.